Ge
I-Germanium
Ingxenye 32 · 72.63 u
I-Germanium iyi-metalloid semiconductor elindelekile ngu-Mendeleev futhi esetshenziswa kuma-transistors angaphambili.
Izici Zobuchopho
| I-Atom Mass | 72.63 u |
| Ubukhulu | 5.323 g/cm³ |
| Izinga lokuncibilika | 1211.4 K |
| Izinga lokubopha | 3106.0 K |
| Ukubonakala | Isingwevu-simhlophe sensimbi |
| Isimo ku-Room Temp | Iqinile |
Izici ze-chemical
| Electronegativity | 2.01 (I-Pauling) |
| I-Ionization Energy | 762.0 kJ/mol |
| I-electron affinity | 119.0 kJ/mol |
| I-Oxidation States | -4, +1, +2, +3, +4 |
Izici ze-Atom
| I-electron | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2 |
| I-Atom Radius | 122.0 pm |
| I-Covalent Radius | 120.0 pm |
| I-Van der Waals Radius | 211.0 pm |
Ukuqapha
| Itholakele ngu | Clemens Winkler |
| Unyaka wokuqamba | 1886 |
| Indawo | i-Freiberg, eJalimane |
| Ibizwa nge | isi-Latin 'Germania' isho isi-Germany |
Malunga I-Germanium
I-Germanium iyi-lucent, eqinile, emnyama-emnyama metaloid elindeleke ngu-Mendeleev njenge-'eka-silicon.' Yabe yi-semiconductor e-transistors yokuqala futhi icacile ku-infrared radiation.
Izisebenziso
Amasistimu we-fiber optic, ama-infrared optics, ama-polymerization catalysts, amaseli elanga, nama-semiconductors.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo
I-Germanium yaqikelelwa ngu-Mendeleev eminyakeni eyi-15 ngaphambi kokutholakala kwayo, ngombono ocacile wezinto zayo.
Isibonisi
| Inani le-mass | Ubukhulu | Isikhathi esingu-half-life | Iqinile |
| 70 | 0.2038% | - | Yebo |
| 72 | 0.2731% | - | Yebo |
| 73 | 0.0776% | - | Yebo |
| 74 | 0.3672% | - | Yebo |
I-electron
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p2