Hf
Hafnium
Zosankha 72 · 178.49 u
Hafnium ndi chosapanga dzimbiri chosapanga dzimbiri chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi amagetsi amagetsi.
Zochita za Fiziki
| Mafuta | 178.49 u |
| Kuwala | 13.31 g/cm³ |
| Kutentha | 2506.0 K |
| Kutentha | 4876.0 K |
| Kuoneka | Steel wobiriwira metallic |
| State at Room Temp | M'gululi |
Makhalidwe a Chemical
| Electronegativity | 1.3 (Pauling) |
| 1st Ionization Energy | 658.5 kJ/mol |
| Electron Affinity | 17.18 kJ/mol |
| Oxygen | +2, +3, +4 |
Zosankha
| Kusintha kwa ma electron | [Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2 |
| Atomic radius | 159.0 pm |
| Covalent Radius | 175.0 pm |
| Kuwala kwa Van der Waals | 212.0 pm |
Kupeza
| Kupezeka ndi | Dirk Coster, George de Hevesy |
| Kuzindikira chaka | 1923 |
| Malo | Copenhagen, Denmark |
| Analimbikitsidwa ndi | Latin 'Hafnia' kutanthauza Copenhagen |
Za ine Hafnium
Hafnium ndi lustrous, silvery wobiriwira miyala chemically mofanana ndi zirconium.Izi ndi zabwino neutron absorber, mosiyana ndi zirconium.Kutenga mbali awiri ndi kofunika kwa ntchito za nyukiliya.
Kugwiritsa ntchito & Maphunziro
Magalimoto oyendetsa magalimoto a nuclear, superalloys, oletsa ma microprocessor gate (hafnium oxide), ndi masamba odula plasma.
Fun Facts
Hafnium ndi zirconium ndi mofanana ndi ma chemically kuti sanali osiyana mpaka 1923, koma zinthu zawo za nyukiliya ndi zosiyana.
Isotopes
| Kukula kwa maselo | Kuchuluka | Half-Life | Wolimba |
| 177 | 0.186% | - | Yes |
| 178 | 0.2728% | - | Yes |
| 179 | 0.1362% | - | Yes |
| 180 | 0.3508% | - | Yes |
Kusintha kwa ma electron
[Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2