Hf
Hafnium is a corrosion-resistant metal used in nuclear reactor control rods.
የፊዚክስ ባህሪያት
| አቶሚክ | 178.49 u |
| ብዛት | 13.31 g/cm³ |
| የቀለም አማራጭ | 2506.0 K |
| የሙቀት መጠኑ፦ | 4876.0 K |
| ቅርጽ | Steel gray metallic |
| የክፍሉ ወቅት | ቀጥ ያለ |
የኬሚካል ባህሪያት
| ሴኮንዶች | 1.3 (ፒየር) |
| ፊደል ሠሌዳው፦ | 658.5 kJ/mol |
| ፊደል ሠሌዳው፦ | 17.18 kJ/mol |
| መተላለፊያ | +2, +3, +4 |
የፊደል ቅርጽ ምርጫዎች
| የኤሌክትሮን ማስተካከያ | [Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2 |
| አቶሚክ | 159.0 pm |
| ሬዲየስ | 175.0 pm |
| ቫን ዴር ዋልስ | 212.0 pm |
መከፈት
| የተገኘው በ | Dirk Coster, George de Hevesy |
| የምርምር ዓመት | 1923 |
| ቦታ | Copenhagen, Denmark |
| ስም፦ (_N) | Latin 'Hafnia' meaning Copenhagen |
ስለ Hafnium
Hafnium is a lustrous, silvery gray metal chemically similar to zirconium. It is an excellent neutron absorber, in contrast to zirconium. Separating the two is critical for nuclear applications.
ፕሮግራሞች
Nuclear reactor control rods, superalloys, microprocessor gate insulators (hafnium oxide), and plasma cutting tips.
ሐቅ
Hafnium and zirconium are so chemically similar they were not separated until 1923, yet their nuclear properties are opposite.
ሴኮንዶች
| ብዛት | ብዛት | አራተኛ | ቋሚ |
| 177 | 0.186% | - | አዎ |
| 178 | 0.2728% | - | አዎ |
| 179 | 0.1362% | - | አዎ |
| 180 | 0.3508% | - | አዎ |
የኤሌክትሮን ማስተካከያ
[Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2