B

Boron

Element 5 · 10.81 u

Metanol p-block Periode 2 Group 13 Solied by RT Dag lengte: →

Boron is a metalloid essential for plant growth and used in many industrial applications.

Fisiese eienskappe

Atomic Mass10.81 u
Density2.34 g/cm³
Smelt punt:2349.0 K
Boiling Point4200.0 K
AppearanceBlack-brown crystalline solid
Toestand by kamerkompSolied

Chemical Properties

Electronegativity2.04 (TrinidadCity name (optional, probably does not need a translation))
1st Ionization Energy800.6 kJ/mol
Electron Affinity26.7 kJ/mol
Oxidation States+1, +2, +3

Atomic Properties

Electron Configuration[He] 2s2 2p1
Atomic Radius87.0 pm
Covalent Radius84.0 pm
Atomic radius:192.0 pm

Discovery

Discovered ByJoseph Louis Gay-Lussac, Louis Jacques Thenard
Discovery Year1808
LocationParis, France
Genoemde NaArabic 'buraq' or Persian 'burah' meaning borax

About Boron

Boron is a metalloid that exists in many polymorphs, with the most common being amorphous brown powder and black crystalline forms. It is an essential micronutrient for plants but toxic in excess. Boron compounds have been known for thousands of years. Pure boron was first produced in 1808.

Gebruiks & Programme

Borosilicate glass (Pyrex), fiberglass insulation, laundry bleach (borax), semiconductor dopant, and neutron absorber in nuclear reactors.

Fun Fact

Boron nitride can form a structure nearly as hard as diamond and is sometimes called 'white graphene'.

Isotopes

Definieer Molekulêr Gewigte Abundance Half-Life Stabiel
10 0.199% - Ja
11 0.801% - Ja

Electron Configuration

[He] 2s2 2p1

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