Th
Thorium
উপাদান 90 · 232.038 u
Thorium is a radioactive actinide being researched as a potential nuclear fuel.
Physical Properties
| পদাৰ্থ | 232.038 u |
| ঘনত্ব | 11.72 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 2115.0 K |
| উত্তাপৰ বিন্দু | 5061.0 K |
| আকৃতি | Silvery, often with black tarnish |
| State at Room Temp | Solid |
রাসায়নিক বৈশিষ্ট্যসমূহ
| ইলেকট্ৰোনেজেটিভিটি | 1.3 (Pauling) |
| 1- তম আইনাইজেশন শক্তি | 587.0 kJ/mol |
| ইলেকট্ৰন | 112.72 kJ/mol |
| Oxidation States | +2, +3, +4 |
প্ৰমাণপত্ৰৰ বৈশিষ্ট্য
| ইলেকট্ৰন | [Rn] 6d2 7s2 |
| পৰমাণু | 180.0 pm |
| Van der Waals Radius | 237.0 pm |
ডিস্কভাৰী
| আবিষ্কাৰ কৰা হৈছে | Jons Jacob Berzelius |
| আবিষ্কাৰৰ বছৰ | 1829 |
| অৱস্থান | Stockholm, Sweden |
| Named After | Thor, the Norse god of thunder |
বিষয়ে Thorium
Thorium is three times more abundant than uranium. Thorium reactors produce less long-lived waste and cannot melt down. Gas mantles for camping lanterns were historically made with thorium oxide.
Uses & Applications
Potential nuclear fuel, gas lantern mantles, high-temperature ceramics, welding electrodes, and aerospace alloys.
মজা কথা
Thorium reactors cannot melt down and produce waste dangerous for hundreds rather than thousands of years.
আইসোটোপ
| Mass Number | অভাৱ | হাফ-লাইফ | Stable |
| 228 | - | 1.9116 years | No |
| 230 | - | 75,380 years | No |
| 232 | 1.0% | 14.05 billion years | No |
ইলেকট্ৰন
[Rn] 6d2 7s2