Pb
Lead is a dense, toxic heavy metal used since ancient times despite known health hazards.
Physical Properties
| পদাৰ্থ | 207.2 u |
| ঘনত্ব | 11.342 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 600.61 K |
| উত্তাপৰ বিন্দু | 2022.0 K |
| আকৃতি | Bluish-gray metallic |
| State at Room Temp | Solid |
রাসায়নিক বৈশিষ্ট্যসমূহ
| ইলেকট্ৰোনেজেটিভিটি | 2.33 (Pauling) |
| 1- তম আইনাইজেশন শক্তি | 715.6 kJ/mol |
| ইলেকট্ৰন | 35.1 kJ/mol |
| Oxidation States | -4, +2, +4 |
প্ৰমাণপত্ৰৰ বৈশিষ্ট্য
| ইলেকট্ৰন | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2 |
| পৰমাণু | 175.0 pm |
| কোভালেন্ট বেৰিয়াড | 146.0 pm |
| Van der Waals Radius | 202.0 pm |
ডিস্কভাৰী
| আবিষ্কাৰ কৰা হৈছে | Known since antiquity |
| অৱস্থান | Various (Middle East) |
| Named After | Anglo-Saxon 'lead'; symbol Pb from Latin 'plumbum' |
বিষয়ে Lead
Lead is a heavy, soft, malleable metal used for over 6,000 years. It is toxic, causing nervous system damage. Removing lead from gasoline and paint has been a major public health achievement.
Uses & Applications
Lead-acid batteries, radiation shielding, ammunition, and construction.
মজা কথা
Some historians believe widespread lead poisoning from water pipes contributed to the decline of the Roman Empire.
আইসোটোপ
| Mass Number | অভাৱ | হাফ-লাইফ | Stable |
| 206 | 0.241% | - | Yes |
| 207 | 0.221% | - | Yes |
| 208 | 0.524% | - | Yes |
ইলেকট্ৰন
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2