Cd
Cadmium is a toxic heavy metal formerly used widely in batteries and pigments.
Physical Properties
| الكتلة الذرية | 112.41 u |
| الكثافة | 8.69 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 594.22 K |
| نقطة الغليان | 1040.0 K |
| المظهر | Silvery bluish-gray metallic |
| State at Room Temp | Solid |
الخواص الكيميائية
| السالبية الكهربائية | 1.69 (Pauling) |
| طاقة التأين الأولى | 867.8 kJ/mol |
| القرب الإلكتروني | -68.0 kJ/mol |
| Oxidation States | +1, +2 |
الخصائص الذرية
| تشكيل الإلكترون | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 |
| نصف قطر الذرة | 151.0 pm |
| نصف قطر التكافؤ | 144.0 pm |
| Van der Waals Radius | 158.0 pm |
اكتشاف
| اكتشفها | Friedrich Stromeyer, Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann |
| سنة الاكتشاف | 1817 |
| الموقع | Gottingen, Germany |
| Named After | Latin 'cadmia' or Greek 'kadmeia' meaning calamine |
عن Cadmium
Cadmium is a soft, bluish-white metal that is toxic and classified as a carcinogen. It was widely used in NiCd batteries but its use has declined due to environmental concerns.
Uses & Applications
NiCd batteries, pigments, electroplating, nuclear reactor control rods, and solar cells.
حقيقة مضحكة
Cadmium pigments remain popular with artists because no other pigments match their brilliance, despite cadmium's toxicity.
النظائر
| Mass Number | الوفرة | نصف العمر | Stable |
| 110 | 0.1249% | - | Yes |
| 111 | 0.128% | - | Yes |
| 112 | 0.2413% | - | Yes |
| 114 | 0.2873% | - | Yes |
تشكيل الإلكترون
[Kr] 4d10 5s2