Rh

Rhodium

Element 45 · 102.91 u

Transition Metal d-block Period 5 Group 9 Solid at RT Wikipedia →

Rhodium is one of the rarest and most expensive precious metals, prized for its reflectivity.

Physical Properties

Atomic Mass102.91 u
Density12.41 g/cm³
Melting Point2237.0 K
Boiling Point3968.0 K
AppearanceSilvery-white metallic
State at Room TempSolid

Chemical Properties

Electronegativity2.28 (Pauling)
1st Ionization Energy719.7 kJ/mol
Electron Affinity109.7 kJ/mol
Oxidation States+1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6

Atomic Properties

Electron Configuration[Kr] 4d8 5s1
Atomic Radius134.0 pm
Covalent Radius142.0 pm
Van der Waals Radius195.0 pm

Discovery

Discovered ByWilliam Hyde Wollaston
Discovery Year1803
LocationLondon, England
Named AfterGreek 'rhodon' meaning rose, from the color of its salts

About Rhodium

Rhodium is ultra-rare, silvery-white, hard, and corrosion-resistant. It has the highest reflectance of any metal and is one of the most expensive metals in the world.

Uses & Applications

Catalytic converters, jewelry plating, laboratory crucibles, and optical instruments.

Fun Fact

About 80% of the world's rhodium is used in catalytic converters, and it is often more expensive than gold or platinum.

Isotopes

Mass Number Abundance Half-Life Stable
103 1.0% - Yes

Electron Configuration

[Kr] 4d8 5s1

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