Br
Bromine is one of only two elements liquid at room temperature.
Physical Properties
| Atomic Mass | 79.904 u |
| Density | 3.1028 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 265.8 K |
| Boiling Point | 332.0 K |
| Appearance | Reddish-brown fuming liquid |
| State at Room Temp | Liquid |
Chemical Properties
| Electronegativity | 2.96 (Pauling) |
| 1st Ionization Energy | 1139.9 kJ/mol |
| Electron Affinity | 324.6 kJ/mol |
| Oxidation States | -1, +1, +3, +4, +5, +7 |
Atomic Properties
| Electron Configuration | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5 |
| Atomic Radius | 94.0 pm |
| Covalent Radius | 120.0 pm |
| Van der Waals Radius | 185.0 pm |
Discovery
| Discovered By | Antoine Jerome Balard, Carl Jacob Lowig |
| Discovery Year | 1826 |
| Location | Montpellier, France |
| Named After | Greek 'bromos' meaning stench |
About Bromine
Bromine is a fuming red-brown liquid, one of only two elements liquid under standard conditions. It has a strong, unpleasant odor, is toxic and corrosive, and is found mainly in ocean water.
Uses & Applications
Flame retardants, water purification, pharmaceuticals, agricultural pesticides, and photography chemicals.
Fun Fact
Bromine is the only nonmetal element liquid at room temperature, and its name comes from Greek for 'stench'.
Isotopes
| Mass Number | Abundance | Half-Life | Stable |
| 79 | 0.5069% | - | Yes |
| 81 | 0.4931% | - | Yes |
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5